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NORTH DAKOTA LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL
Minutes of the

BUDGET COMMITTEE ON HUMAN SERVICES

Monday and Tuesday, August 2-3, 2004
School for the Deaf and Lake Region Human Service Center, Devils Lake, North Dakota
North Central Human Service Center and State Fairgrounds, Minot, North Dakota

Representative Clara Sue Price, Chairman, called the meeting to order at 12:30 p.m. on Monday, August 2, 2004, at the School for the Deaf.

Members present: Representatives Clara Sue Price, Jeff Delzer, William R. Devlin, Gary Kreidt, Vonnie Pietsch, Robin Weisz, Alon Wieland; Senators Bill L. Bowman, Tom Fischer, Joel C. Heitkamp, Judy Lee, Harvey Tallackson

Members absent: Representative Louise Potter; Senators Richard Brown, Aaron Krauter, Russell T. Thane

Others present: Eugene Nicholas, State Representative, Cando
Andrew Maragos, State Representative, Minot
See Appendix A for additional persons present.

It was moved by Senator Bowman, seconded by Senator Fischer, and carried on a voice vote that the minutes of the previous meeting be approved as distributed.

BUDGET TOUR

Mr. Rocklyn G. Cofer, Superintendent, School for the Deaf, presented information on the status of the school's 2003-05 budget, its programs and services, number of students and capacity, current buildings and land utilization, the school's Blue Ribbon Task Force report, and anticipated budget needs for the 2005-07 biennium. Mr. Cofer said that due to the school's declining enrollment, Dr. Wayne Sanstead, Superintendent of Public Instruction, organized a blue ribbon task force to study the status of the North Dakota School for the Deaf with the assistance of a consultant and to make recommendations for the future role of the school. Mr. Cofer said the task force has completed its work and has made a number of recommendations. He said the recommendations for legislative changes include:

  1. Expand the mission of the School for the Deaf to permit the future delivery of nonduplicatory programs and services to deaf and hard-of-hearing adults over the age of 21. Mr. Cofer said currently the school serves only individuals up to the age of 21.
  2. Initiate discussions with the Legislative Assembly regarding the possibility of school districts purchasing direct services from the School for the Deaf as needed. Mr. Cofer said the school now provides some limited services to school districts and special education districts but only on a temporary basis.

A copy of the task force report is on file in the Legislative Council office.

Senator Bowman asked how the School for the Deaf would transition into serving individuals over the age of 21. Mr. Cofer said because the school is serving fewer students, it would reclassify a number of its full-time equivalent (FTE) positions to address transitioning from serving children at the school to providing outreach services to adults.

In response to a question from Representative Price, Ms. Carol Lybeck, Outreach Coordinator, School for the Deaf, said a number of the school's outreach staff would be located across the state.

In response to questions from Senator Lee, Mr. Cofer said during the last school year, the school served 30 students, of which 20 were full-time students who resided at the school and 10 were day service students. He said the school could serve an additional 15 to 20 students onsite. Ms. Lilia Bakken, Communications Services Coordinator, School for the Deaf, said that through its outreach services, the school serves approximately 15 to 18 families per month in its parent/infant program, conducts seven to eight hearing assessments per month, and provides deaf awareness presentations across the state. She said in the 1930s, the school had as many as 130 students each year.

In response to a question from Representative Price, Mr. Cofer said the school currently has two vacant FTE positions, a special needs position and an art teacher.

In response to a question from Representative Price, Mr. Cofer said of the 34 hearing-impaired students in the state, 28 were served at the School for the Deaf during the 2003-04 school year.

In response to a question from Senator Bowman, Mr. Cofer said the school has one student from Minnesota who pays tuition to attend the School for the Deaf.

Mr. Cofer said regarding the status of the current budget, expenditures to date are within budget estimates and the school does not anticipate requesting a deficiency appropriation.

Mr. Cofer said the school is generating revenue through the lease of the superintendent's residence and two apartment units to School for the Deaf employees. He said office space is being leased to Protection and Advocacy and Head Start. In addition, he said, the school is in the process of leasing available space in the school's trades building to other organizations.

Regarding the 2005-07 biennium budget request, Mr. Cofer said the school will not be requesting funding for a psychologist and an administrative assistant position. He said a portion of the funding associated with the psychologist position will be transferred to operating expenses to contract for the services.

Mr. Cofer said the school will incur a significant increase in the cost for Internet device connections due to the loss of the school's "e-rate" funds for the 2004-05 school year. Mr. Cofer said the loss of the "e-rate" funding will result in the school requesting an additional $38,000 from the general fund for the 2005-07 biennium.

A copy of the report is on file in the Legislative Council office.

In response to a question from Senator Lee, Mr. Cofer said approximately 60 percent of the students served by the School for the Deaf have other disabilities in addition to hearing loss.

The committee conducted a tour of the School for the Deaf, including the dining room, classrooms, library, computer center, gym, and swimming pool.

The committee traveled to the Lake Region Human Service Center.

Mr. Lynn Nelson, Director, Lake Region and South Central Human Service Centers, said the Lake Region Human Service Center serves Cavalier, Rolette, Towner, Benson, Ramsey, and Eddy Counties in North Dakota.

Mr. Doug Boknecht, Clinical Supervisor, Lake Region Human Service Center, provided information on data trends of the Lake Region. He said the Lake Region has had 12 presidential disaster declarations since 1992 due to Devils Lake rising 25 vertical feet and tripling in acreage size.

Mr. Boknecht said the region's unemployment rate exceeded 8 percent in 2003, which is more than twice the rate of other human service regions. He said while the Department of Human Services provides services to one in six North Dakotans, in the Lake Region one in three residents receives services. He said one in four Lake Region residents live in poverty, which is twice the poverty rate of any other region in the state.

Mr. Clint DeVier, Fiscal Manager, Lake Region Human Service Center, presented information on the center's budget. Mr. DeVier said the center's 2003-05 biennium budget totals $8.5 million, $4.6 million of which is from the general fund. He said the number of FTE positions at the center has been reduced from 68 in fiscal year 2001 to 62 in fiscal year 2003. Mr. DeVier provided other information on the administrative costs of the center. Please see Appendix B for a summary of this information.

Mr. DeVier provided information on the Lake Region Human Service Center facility and provided a floor plan of the facility. Mr. DeVier said the building's total rental cost per square foot is $9.67.

In response to a question from Representative Price, Mr. DeVier said the Lake Region facility has 18,236 square feet.

Representative Delzer asked for the status of the current budget. Mr. DeVier said for the biennium to date, expenditures of the center have been slightly less than budgeted.

Representative Delzer suggested that as the centers provide information to the committee, they should report on the status of their budgets.

Mr. Nelson provided information and statistics on other services of the center, including child welfare services, disability services, older adult services, and mental health and substance abuse services. Please see Appendix B for a summary of this information.

Mr. Arthur Cavallo, Licensed Addiction Counselor, Lake Region Human Service Center, provided an overview of the center's new adolescent alcohol and drug treatment program. Mr. Cavallo said traditional adolescent substance abuse treatment programs provide four to five days of treatment per week. He said behavior and conduct disorders, if identified, are treated after primary alcohol and drug treatment. He said prior to May 2002 the Lake Region Human Service Center's adolescent clients had difficulty achieving the treatment plan goals and objectives and many did not complete primary substance abuse treatment due to behavior and conduct disorders. He said referrals to the State Hospital were common and difficult cases were referred to out-of-state programs. He said in May 2002 the center restructured its program and implemented a behavior modification program. He said the program provides seven days a week adolescent programming, group counseling, and individual counseling. He said the program provides family programming and counseling on weekends to make it convenient for families and to increase the likelihood that families will participate. In addition, he said, the adolescents participate in a healthy diet, exercise, and recreation plan and are in a drug-free, caffeine-free, nicotine-free, low-sugar environment. He said during the period May 2002 through July 2004, the program has served 126 clients. He said 110, or 87 percent, have successfully completed the program. He said as a result of the new program, the center has significantly reduced its out-of-state referrals and very few clients are being admitted to the State Hospital.

A copy of the report is on file in the Legislative Council office.

Mr. Nelson provided a report on the South Central Human Service Center. He said the center serves Foster, Wells, Griggs, Barnes, Stutsman, LaMoure, Dickey, McIntosh, and Logan Counties. He said of the region's residents, 26 percent are over age 60, therefore, the South Central Region has the oldest average client age in North Dakota. He said projections indicate that within 10 years 35 percent of the region's residents will be age 60 or older.

Mr. Nelson said additional funding will be needed for the 2005-07 biennium in the infant development program. He said as a result of Right Tracks program screenings, children who are eligible for early intervention are being identified at an earlier age. He said in 2002 approximately 20 children were enrolled in the early intervention program and by June 2004, 44 children are now receiving services.

Mr. Mark Anderson, Fiscal Manager, South Central Human Service Center, provided information on the South Central Human Service Center's budget. Mr. Anderson said the South Central Human Service Center's 2003-05 budget totals $11.3 million, of which $5.5 million is from the general fund. He said the center's FTE positions have been reduced from 89 in fiscal year 2001 to 88 in fiscal year 2003.

Mr. Anderson provided information on administrative costs of the South Central Human Service Center. Please see Appendix B for a summary of this information.

Mr. Anderson said the South Central Human Service Center leases its facility at a cost of $10.95 per square foot per year. Mr. Anderson provided a copy of the floor plan of the center's building.

Mr. Anderson said the center's actual expenditures to date are within budgeted amounts.

Mr. Nelson provided information and statistics on other services of the South Central Human Service Center, including child welfare services, disability services, older adult services, and mental health and substance abuse services. Please see Appendix B for a summary of this information.

Mr. Nelson expressed a concern with the number of children in foster care in the South Central Region doubling from the fall of 2003 to the summer of 2004. He said currently 68 children are in foster care. Mr. Nelson said center staff believe the primary reason for the increase relates to more transient families in the region.

A copy of the report is on file in the Legislative Council office.

Mr. Joe Belford, Ramsey County Commissioner, presented information on the status of sharing services among counties in the Lake Region. Mr. Belford said the counties are concerned with the rising cost of incarcerating prisoners and providing human services to residents of the region. He said nine counties in the northeast region have developed a joint powers agreement to share services and reduce costs. He said Towner, Benson, and Ramsey Counties have entered into a full contractual arrangement for sharing services.

Mr. Edward Forde, Social Services Director for Ramsey, Benson, and Towner Counties, provided additional information on the sharing of services in these three counties.

Mr. Forde said the sharing of human services in Ramsey County began in 1977 with the creation of the Lake Region Child Support Unit. He said the program now has a staff of 12.5 FTE positions.

Mr. Forde provided other examples of the sharing of services among the counties. Mr. Forde said the advantages of sharing services include:

  1. Counties may continue to provide services that require specialized skills.
  2. Workers can become more specialized.
  3. Additional backup resources are available during emergencies and worker absences.
  4. Implementation of supervisory and administrative structures is possible.
  5. Knowledge may more easily be transferred from one county to another.

Mr. Forde said the disadvantages include:

  1. Extensive travel.
  2. The involvement of a shared worker in the local community is limited.
  3. Services may be issue- or crisis-driven.
  4. Workers must perform with limited supervision.

A copy of the report is on file in the Legislative Council office.

Mr. Belford commented on the performance of the Lake Region Child Support Enforcement Unit. Mr. Belford said the Lake Region Child Support Enforcement Unit is a cooperative effort among seven counties. He said that even though the unit's performance rating is the lowest of the regional units in the state, its goal is to improve.

Mr. Colin Barstad, Lake Region Child Support Enforcement Unit Administrator, presented information on the performance of the unit. Mr. Barstad said the Lake Region Child Support Enforcement Unit area includes two Indian reservations. He said the Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation's unemployment rate is between 50 and 60 percent. He said because the noncustodial parents living in these areas may be unemployed, it is difficult for them to provide the child support for their children.

Mr. Barstad said the unit experiences high caseworker turnover. He said seven caseworkers have left in the past one and one-half years.

Mr. Barstad provided an example of an income withholding order issued from district court but which would not result in any support collections because the employer of the noncustodial parent is a tribal entity and will not honor income withholding orders issued in district court. Mr. Barstad said 34 percent of the Lake Region Child Support Enforcement Unit's cases are in "lack of jurisdiction," meaning the party is living on the Indian reservation. He said 80 percent of the unit's cases have at least one party in the case being Native American.

Mr. Barstad expressed the importance of continuing the specific state appropriation for the Lake Region Child Support Enforcement Unit. He said Benson and Rolette Counties are losing taxable lands due to flooding in the region and due to tribes purchasing land which becomes nontaxable within the county. He said lack of county funding for government services is a concern in these counties.

Mr. Barstad presented a schedule showing the changes in performance between 2002 and 2003 which indicates that although still ranked eighth among the regions in the state, the Lake Region's performance is improving.

A copy of the report is on file in the Legislative Council office.

Mr. Barstad distributed a document providing information on the process of child support enforcement involving Native Americans. A copy of the document is on file in the Legislative Council office.

Senator Heitkamp asked if the child support enforcement unit is communicating with the tribes involved to alleviate the unit's concerns. Mr. Barstad said the unit is working with the tribes. He said the tribes have informed the unit that attorneys for the child support enforcement unit may pursue cases in tribal court if the attorneys become licensed to appear in tribal court. Mr. John Waller, Attorney, Lake Region Child Support Enforcement Unit, said the attorneys on staff have attempted to begin the process of becoming licensed to appear in tribal court but have not received clear direction from the tribe as to how to proceed.

Representative Devlin asked how the performance of the Lake Region Child Support Enforcement Unit compares to other regions if the "lack of jurisdiction" cases are removed from the comparison. Mr. Jim Fleming, Child Support Enforcement Assistant Director, Department of Human Services, said that excluding lack of jurisdiction cases, the Lake Region Child Support Enforcement Unit's performance is still eighth in the state.

Senator Heitkamp expressed concern that the Indian tribes are not utilizing income from gaming activities to provide adequate services to children on the reservations. He suggested that as the Indian gaming compacts between the state and the tribes are renewed, the needs of children should be addressed.

Ms. Beverly Mathiason, Social Services Director, Rolette County, said that Rolette County has the highest percentage of the population receiving temporary assistance for needy families (TANF) in the state and very high unemployment. She said the county does not have the ability to provide adequate funding for its county programs. She said the county has asked the federal government to provide impact aid due to the poor economic conditions in the county.

Senator Heitkamp asked why some Native Americans are unwilling to relocate to other parts of the state where jobs are available. Ms. Mathiason said she believes they do not want to move because their support system is in place in their local community.

Mr. DeVier said although the Indian casinos generate substantial income, substantial resources are needed for debt service on the facilities. In addition, he said, the tribes do not collect property taxes; therefore, some of the funding is also needed to finance tribal government.

Representative Devlin asked whether the Indian casinos honor income withholding orders relating to child support. Mr. Barstad said the casinos will honor a withholding order only if it is issued from a tribal court.

Mr. Belford asked that the committee conduct further study into the issues surrounding child support enforcement on Indian reservations.

Mr. Fleming said the judicial branch has a standing committee that includes tribal court judges. He said it is his understanding that if district court withholding orders are filed with the tribal court, the tribe will honor them.

Chairman Price asked that Mr. Fleming provide, in writing, to the committee additional information on this judicial branch standing committee, including committee membership.

The committee recessed at 5:30 p.m. and reconvened at 9:00 a.m., Tuesday, August 3, 2004, at the North Central Human Service Center, Minot.

Ms. Marilyn Rudolph, Director, Northwest and North Central Human Service Centers, said the North Central Human Service Center serves Burke, Renville, Bottineau, Mountrail, Ward, McHenry, and Pierce Counties. Ms. Rudolph said the North Central and Northwest Centers share a number of services, including the director position, business manager, personnel staff person, vulnerable adult/ombudsman staff, and vision specialist.

Ms. Rudolph said the North Central Human Service Center's 2003-05 budget totals $14.5 million, of which $7.8 million is from the general fund. She said the center's FTE positions have been reduced from 116.85 FTE positions during the 2001 fiscal year to 114.78 during the 2003 fiscal year.

Ms. Rudolph provided other information and statistics regarding the human service centers' programs and services. Please see Appendix B for a summary of this information.

Ms. Rudolph presented information on the center's building. She said the center leases 41,182 square feet at a cost of $9.34 per square foot per year from the Oppen Foundation. Ms. Rudolph presented the floor plan of the building.

Chairman Price asked the Department of Human Services to provide additional information on the reasons for the increasing number of children in foster care across the state. Ms. Yvonne Smith, Deputy Director, Department of Human Services, said the department will provide additional information to the committee at its next meeting.

Chairman Price asked that as human service centers provide information to Legislative Council committees at future meetings, explanations be provided of major changes in contracts between bienniums.

Ms. Meredith Lester, Licensed Addiction Counselor, North Central Human Service Center, provided information on the center's New Hope program for women and children. She said the North Central Human Service Center began this women-specific program in July 1999 to provide expanded treatment services for women receiving addiction treatment through the North Central Human Service Center. She said while in the New Hope program, women learn parenting, social, and cooking skills and receive a wide range of other services in addition to their addiction treatment services. She said since July 1999, the program has served 189 women, 42 children, and 12 pregnant women. She said four babies have been born while the mothers were residing at New Hope. Ms. Lester said during the first two years of the program, approximately 30 percent of the women were users of methamphetamine; however, she said the number has increased to 70 to 75 percent over the past three years. Ms. Lester said because of the expanded treatment required for methamphetamine addiction treatment, the center is considering lengthening the treatment program from five weeks to up to six months.

Senator Tallackson asked whether the New Hope facility is a secure facility. Ms. Lester said the New Hope program is not a locked facility. She said a number of individuals that receive treatment at the New Hope facility are referred by parole and probation or the courts and are mandated to complete treatment.

Representative Kreidt asked whether the program maintains information on its outcomes. Ms. Lester said the individuals who complete the program are contacted six months and one year after treatment; however, she said, sometimes the individuals are unable to be contacted.

Representative Price asked whether this program could be duplicated at other human service centers. Ms. Lester said there is a similar program currently operating at the Northeast Human Service Center called the Step program.

Ms. Wendy Voeller, former client of the New Hope program, testified on the value of the program to her and her son in dealing with her addictions. A copy of her testimony is on file in the Legislative Council office.

Ms. Rudolph presented a report on the Northwest Human Service Center. She said the Northwest Human Service Center serves Divide, McKenzie, and Williams Counties.

Ms. Rudolph said the Northwest Human Service Center's budget for the 2003-05 biennium totals $7.2 million, of which $3.5 million is from the general fund. She said the number of FTE positions at the center has been reduced from 60.68 in fiscal year 2001 to 51 in fiscal year 2003.

Ms. Rudolph presented information and statistics on the programs and services of the Northwest Human Service Center. Please see Appendix B for a summary of this information.

Ms. Rudolph provided information on the Northwest Human Service Center's building. She said the center leases 23,365 square feet at an annual rate of $8.50 per square foot. Ms. Rudolph provided a copy of the floor plan of the Northwest Human Service Center.

Ms. Sharon Luntsford, Coordinator, Peer Bridger Support's "Living in Place" program, provided information on the program. She said the program began in late 2003 and is operated by Western Sunrise, Inc., a nonprofit organization that provides services to individuals with mental illness. She said the Peer Bridger Support's "Living in Place" program serves individuals with mental illness to assist them in:

  1. Successfully maintaining community living in current residences.
  2. Discovering lost identities through years of institutionalization, mental myths, and stigma.

Ms. Luntsford said the program utilizes trained specialists who have, in the past, experienced severe mental illness themselves, to serve as a peer or friend, to provide support and to advocate for their assigned match. Ms. Luntsford said the program has resulted in fewer hospitalizations for individuals with mental illness who are involved in the program; however, she said, the program has not been operating long enough to have substantial information on the outcomes of the program.

A copy of the report is on file in the Legislative Council office.

Representative Price asked for the funding sources of Western Sunrise, Inc. Ms. Luntsford said the organization receives funds from its contracts for work activities for individuals with serious mental illness in the northwest region, from private foundations, and from the Olmstead Commission. Representative Price asked how funding for the program will continue in the future. Ms. Luntsford said the program's current grant is for a two-year period ending October 2005. She said Western Sunrise, Inc., hopes to continue operating the program through other funding sources, including the United Way and the Bush Foundation.

Senator Bowman asked whether the state may confiscate the assets of individuals convicted of drug- related offenses for use in treatment costs. The Legislative Council staff said information will be provided to the committee relating to this at its next meeting.

Senator Lee asked whether any funding is available for innocent property owners to assist with cleanup costs of property damaged due to methamphetamine laboratories. The Legislative Council staff said this will be reviewed and also provided to the committee at its next meeting.

The committee traveled to the state fairgrounds. Mr. Jerry Iverson, Manager, State Fair Association, conducted a tour of the state fairgrounds. The committee recessed for lunch at 12:00 noon and reconvened at 12:30 p.m.

Mr. Iverson provided information on the revenues and expenditures of the State Fair Association. Mr. Iverson said for fiscal year 2003, State Fair revenues totaled $4.1 million and expenses were $3.7 million.

Representative Wieland asked for the amount of funding that the State Fair maintains as a reserve. Mr. Iverson said the State Fair's goal is to maintain a reserve fund of $700,000 in the event of poor weather during the fair.

Senator Tallackson asked for the number of staff employed by the State Fair. Mr. Iverson said the State Fair Association employs 13 full-time staff and 10 to 15 part-time staff; however, during events, he said, up to 300 part-time staff are hired.

Mr. Iverson said the number of entries at the State Fair continues to rise. He said although the number of 4-H entries was down slightly, 12,475 in 2004 compared to 12,704 in 2003, FFA entries increased significantly from 15,594 in 2003 to 17,877 in 2004.

Mr. Iverson said the 2003 Legislative Assembly provided $371,750 from the general fund to pay premiums on State Fair entries during the 2003-05 biennium. He said the State Fair will be requesting $425,000 from the general fund for premiums for the 2005-07 biennium. Mr. Iverson said the State Fair will be continuing to request the $210,000 for loan repayment assistance that has been provided by the Legislative Assembly for a number of years.

Mr. Iverson said other major improvement requests that the State Fair will be requesting include asphalt repair, $420,000; grandstand replacement, $6,750,000; and natural resource center, $565,000.

A copy of the report is on file in the Legislative Council office.

COMMITTEE DISCUSSION

Regarding the information presented by the human service centers, Representative Price said it is important for the information to be consistent among human service centers. She said the Lake Region and South Central Human Service Centers included vocational rehabilitation clients in their total caseload while the Northwest and North Central Human Service Centers did not.

Representative Delzer suggested the Department of Human Services reconcile and identify human service center budget changes made from the original appropriation approved by the 2003 Legislative Assembly with explanations of the changes. He said it appears the human service centers are providing needed services within the appropriated amounts.

Senator Lee suggested it may be useful to have a schedule comparing the information presented by each human service center. The Legislative Council staff said it would prepare a comparison report for the committee's next meeting.

Chairman Price asked that the Department of Human Services be asked to provide similar information for the other human service centers to provide a comparison for all human service centers.

Representative Kreidt said when the Budget Committee on Health Care received reports from the Northeast and Southeast Human Service Centers, it was reported that one-third of the services provided by the human service centers are by the Northeast and Southeast Human Service Centers. He said it may be possible that some centers could be combined.

Senator Lee suggested the human service centers explain how funding has been shifted to meet changing needs within the current budget.

Senator Fischer suggested, to the extent possible, additional information be provided on outcomes of the human service center programs.

Representative Price said the Legislative Assembly may wish to consider alternative uses for available space at the School for the Deaf and the Developmental Center due to declining enrollments and clients. She said it may be possible to use this space for providing additional addiction services which seem to be a growing service need at the human service centers.

Representative Devlin said due to the difficulties some counties are experiencing in funding social services programs, it may be necessary in the future to consider expanding the role of human service centers to provide the directorships of county social services and some specialty-type positions in order to reduce duplication among county services.

Regarding child support enforcement concerns of some human service centers that deal with Indian reservations, Representative Price said the committee could consider requesting a bill draft that North Dakota agencies may not purchase goods or services or contract with a business or government entity that does not abide by state laws or state court orders.

Representative Devlin suggested the Legislative Assembly be more involved in setting the provisions of Indian gaming compacts.

It was moved by Senator Lee, seconded by Senator Fischer, and carried on a voice vote that the Legislative Council staff be requested to prepare a bill draft for the committee's next meeting requiring legislative approval of any Indian gaming compact negotiated by the Governor and an Indian tribe.

Chairman Price announced that the next committee meeting is tentatively scheduled for Wednesday, September 22, 2004, beginning at 9:00 a.m. in Bismarck.

The committee adjourned subject to the call of the chair at 2:55 p.m.

___________________________________________
Allen H. Knudson
Assistant Legislative Budget Analyst and Auditor

___________________________________________
Jim W. Smith
Legislative Budget Analyst and Auditor

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